His bravery he is well respected for his bravery quick-witted retort Well-respected man a very well respected man a man well respected for To misreading or hyphenated in Webster's as an adjective: a ![]() Modifiers: See also ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS, PUNCTUATION OF.Ī compound adjective should be hyphenated before a noun (unless theĬompound itself carries a modifier) but not following it unless subject Not to make things more confusing, or anything.See also ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS, PUNCTUATION OF, COMMA, DIVISION OF WORDS, and individual entries. For example, “follow up” is a verb, and “follow-up” is a noun or adjective. Some “-up” compounds stay open and some closed or hyphenated depending what part of speech they are. I fully agree with you about the inconsistency with “-up” compounds (well, really with anything hyphenated), but I’ve noticed something interesting. You missed “…non-life threatening injuries…” Arrrggghhhh! What about “low key”? Or “multifaceted”? I tend to err on the side of omission but your article has made me rethink my use (or lack thereof) of hyphens! Haha! Love the confidence you show in your last statement regarding editors! But I find that I have to look these crazy hyphen/no hyphen words up on a regular basis because of the inconsistencies. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below: The best solution is to read high-quality content, which is likely to treat such constructions correctly - but not everyone has the aptitude for retaining information like this. The sample sentence here should read, “Smith accused Jones of a cover-up.”īy-product is one of a handful of noun/noun compounds that retains a hyphen: “It’s a by-product of our times.” This type of error is the hardest to catch, because it relies on prior knowledge of the few exceptions to the rule that a noun/noun compound is either open or closed (which provides a challenge in itself). ![]() Meanwhile, cover-up is hyphenated (as is runner-up). For example, buildup and markup would seem to merit hyphens, but they’re closed. Those ending with the word up, for example, haphazardly include or omit a hyphen - and it’s not easy to guess, based on appearance, which form is correct. Style for compound words that consist of a preposition and another word are maddeningly inconsistent. Hyphenate them always, as in “She took a self-defense class,” and here: “She claims she did it in self-defense.” Phrases beginning with self, however, are anomalous. ![]() Most adjectival phrases, like “world class,” are hyphenated before the noun they modify but are open compounds when they follow a noun or stand on their own, though there are exceptions in both cases. Without commas, this sentence reads as if it is discussing two characteristics of the person in question: his wheeling and his dealing ways, but it pertains to his ways of wheeling and dealing, so the words in that phrase must be linked with hyphens to clarify their unity: “The project exemplifies his wheeling-and-dealing ways.”ģ. ![]() “The project exemplifies his wheeling and dealing ways.” The simple insertion of a hyphen between the two words preceding the noun sexist signals that together, they describe what kind of sexist the person is: “He’s a world-class sexist.”Ģ. As written, this sentence states that the person referred to in the subject is a class sexist (whatever that is) of the world variety (whatever that means).
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